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Archive for March, 2010
Got a research paper or thesis to write for school Want to research using the Internet? Good luck. There’s a lot of junk out there — outdated pages, broken links, and inaccurate information. Using Google or the Wikipedia may lead you to some results, but you can rarely be sure of accuracy. And what’s more, you’ll only be searching a fraction of all of the resources available to you.
Google, the largest search database on the planet, currently has around eight billion web pages indexed. That’s a lot of information. But it’s nothing compared to what else is out there. Google can only index the visible web, or searchable web. But the invisible web, or deep web, is estimated to be 500 times bigger than the searchable web. The invisible web comprises databases and results of specialty search engines that the popular search engines simply are not able to index.
Do you think your local or university librarian uses Google? Sure, but certainly not exclusively. In order to start researching like a librarian, you’ll need to explore more authoritative resources, many of which are invisible. Note: Although some of the following resources are visible and indexed, they have all been included here because of their authoritative nature.
$ = Available only by subscription.
Topics Covered in this Article
Deep Web Search Engines | Art | Books Online | Business | Consumer | Economic and Job Data | Finance and Investing | General Research | Government Data | International | Law and Politics | Library of Congress | Medical and Health | Science | Transportation
Deep Web Search Engines
To get started, try using a search engine that specializes in scouring the invisible web for results. None of these can search the entire invisible web, but they make some inroads that Google has not as of yet.
- Clusty — A metasearch engine that combines the results of several top search engines.
- Intute — A searchable database of trusted sites, reviewed and monitored by subject specialists.
- INFOMINE — A virtual library of Internet resources relevant to university students and faculty. Built by librarians from the University of California, California State University, the University of Detroit-Mercy, and Wake Forest University.
- Librarians’ Internet Index — A search engine listing sites deemed trustworthy by actual human librarians, not just a Googlebot.
- Internet Archive — A database of tens of thousands of movies, live music, audio, texts, and home of the Wayback Machine that allows you to find old versions of web pages, over 55 billion.
- direct search — A list of hundreds of specialty databases and search engines. No longer maintained, but still perhaps the most complete list of the deep web.
Art
Hundreds of other museums all over the world have their own databases. This is just a list of the databases for a few of the most popular. Within these databases are descriptions of the work, its location, and an image of the work.
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A few days ago I mentioned how to create a bookmark that will translate any webpage to English using Google Translator. Probably not so evident, is that the google translator is the best HTTP proxy available on the web. So just as you would translate a page with google, you can use it as your HTTP proxy.
Create a bookmark by right clicking on the bookmarks toolbar in Firefox
- Choose New Bookmark
- For the Name field fill in what you want, like translator or proxy
- For the Location field fill in:
Experiences of Using PHP in Large Websites
GBdirect • http://www.gbdirect.co.uk/
Table of contents
- Introduction
- Separation of Presentation from Business Logic
- Using a Team of Developers
- Deployment Problems
- Oversimplification Leading to Excessive Complexity
- When to Use PHP
- Conclusions
1. Introduction
The PHP scripting language has an enjoyed an enormous growth in popularity over the past few years. It benefits from being particularly easy to pick up, and from having been designed as a language specifically for producing webpages. This means that choosing PHP as your implementation language allows you to build a dynamically-generated webpage quickly and easily.
However, it is not clear how well PHP scales for use in larger commercial websites. This paper examines the issues in trying to do so. Issues covered include:
- Separation of presentation from business logic
- Using a team of developers to build a site
- Problems that are hard to find in development, but can readily trip you up in deployed sites
- Areas where PHP’s initial simplicity can actually make things more complicated
We concentrate on the last of these, and on the irony that a language which hopes to distinguish itself by its simplicity is in many cases inappropriate because of its complexity.
The conclusion arrived at is that, in some circumstances at least, PHP’s tendency to create more problems than it solves makes it an inappropriate choice. However, we also recognise that there are some situations in which PHP is to be used. For those who find themselves in such situations, we use the experience gained from using PHP in a range of sites (including the geographic search engine Somewherenear.com and a multi-million-dollar e-commerce site in the canning industry) to offer some guidance on how best to deal with PHP’s deficiencies.
Finally, we identify a checklist of pertinent questions for determining PHP’s suitability for a given project.
2. Separation of Presentation from Business Logic
Modern websites are expected to be able to react quickly to changing demands. For the developers, this translates into a need to be able to change the content and the look of a website with a minimum of effort. It has long been recognised that the most effective way of meeting this need is to enforce a separation of presentation (the purely
LAMP（Linux-Apache-MySQL-PHP）网站架构是目前国际流行的Web框架，该框架包括：Linux操作系统，Apache网络服务器，MySQL数据库，Perl、PHP或者Python编程语言，所有组成产品均是开源软件，是国际上成熟的架构框架，很多流行的商业应用都是采取这个架构，和Java/J2EE架构相比，LAMP具有Web资源丰富、轻量、快速开发等特点，微软的.NET架构相比，LAMP具有通用、跨平台、高性能、低价格的优势，因此LAMP无论是性能、质量还是价格都是企业搭建网站的首选平台。
对于大流量、大并发量的网站系统架构来说，除了硬件上使用高性能的服务器、负载均衡、CDN等之外，在软件架构上需要重点关注下面几个环节：使用高性能的操作系统（OS）、高性能的网页服务器（Web Server）、高性能的数据库（Databse）、高效率的编程语言等。下面我将从这几点对其一一讨论。
操作系统
Linux操作系统有很多个不同的发行版，如Red Hat Enterprise Linux、SUSE Linux Enterprice、Debian、Ubuntu、CentOS等，每一个发行版都有自己的特色，比如RHEL的稳定，Ubuntu的易用，基于稳定性和性能的考虑，操作系统选择CentOS（Community ENTerprise Operating System）是一个理想的方案。
CentOS（Community ENTerprise Operating System）是Linux发行版之一，是RHEL/Red Hat Enterprise Linux的精简免费版，和RHEL为同样的源代码，不过，RHEL和SUSE LE等企业版，提供的升级服务均是收费升级，无法免费在线升级，因此要求免费的高度稳定性的服务器可以用CentOS替代Red Hat Enterprise Linux使用。
Logitech Portable Lapdesk N31
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The Latest DokuWiki still don’t add new Office 2007/2010 file extensions into the allowed upload file extention list by default.
You can do small modification to achieve it:
1.
LAMP lights the web – by Tony Steidler-Dennison
Why LAMP tools?
For the entire life of the World Wide Web, the backbone that’s kept it upright are the tools of Linux. Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP, Perl, and Python — collectively known as LAMP — comprise more than two-thirds of the servers, databases, and scripting languages on the web today. It’s getting more difficult each day to be a web developer without knowledge and at least a rudimentary level of skill with these tools.
What’s the attraction to LAMP tools for developers around the world? In part, it’s the open source underpinnings of LAMP tools. They’re freely available, easily configured, and very robust. They’re in a constant state of development and improvement, adding features suggested by the user community at large. They can be easily deployed, fully configured, and maintained with a minimal amount of effort. In short, the LAMP tool kit allows developers to do what they do best: develop, without spending a disproportionate amount of time in the administrative details.
All these elements are addressed in the package of LAMP tools provided by Red Hat Enterprise Linux. With commerce and the internal communication needs of the enterprise in mind, Enterprise Linux helps to assure that configuring and administering a LAMP server will be as painless a process as is possible.
The tools of LAMP development
The well-defined tools of LAMP web development exist in nearly every Linux distribution. They include:
- Linux
- Apache web server
- MySQL database application
- PHP scripting language
- Perl programming language
- Python programming language
Note that it’s not necessary to have all elements of LAMP installed. The LAMP acronym points more to a selection of one the “P” elements (PHP, Perl, and Python) rather than to a need for the inclusion of all of them. Of course, you’ll likely find both Perl and Python useful tools for other administrative tasks, so they’ll probably be installed on your system whether or not your intent is to use them as an element of LAMP web development.
Enterprise Linux provides the most recent version of each of these packages available at the time of the Enterprise Linux version release. Apache, PHP, Perl, and Python are provided as defaults in the installation of Enterprise Linux, while MySQL requires selection at the time of installation.
Linux
Clearly, the most important element of the LAMP combination is the Linux distribution installed on the server. With dozens of distributions available, the choice can be a bit perplexing. Of the available distributions, however, Enterprise Linux has grabbed the strongest niche in enterprise-grade LAMP web servers for several reasons.
- Enterprise Linux utilizes the latest stable kernel version.
- The underlying ext3 file system is a well-proven technology for both rapid recovery and protecting the integrity of the data on the server.
- The Anaconda-based installation is both easy and accurate, detecting and configuring nearly all the available hardware options for the server.
- The Anaconda hardware detection routines are particularly well-suited to such devices as SCSI drives and RAID arrays, devices that enhance the overall performance and stability of enterprise-grade servers.
- Enterprise Linux also provides clean and easy-to-use tools for failover clustering and load balancing services — services that become even more essential in the performance sensitive enterprise environment.